|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Between 1970 - 1997, the U.S. per capita
consumption of fruits and vegetables increased 24 % ! |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
577 lbs to 718 lbs per year |
|
|
|
|
Promotional campaigns to increase produce
consumption to at least 5 servings a day. |
|
|
|
U.S. Dietary Guidelines |
|
Healthy People 2010 |
|
National Cancer Institute |
|
Produce for Better Health Foundation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Significant increases in the number of produce
associated foodborne disease outbreaks in the U.S. |
|
Produce associated outbreaks per year more than
doubled from 1973-1987 and 1988-1998 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Complexities of the Food System |
|
Aging of the Population |
|
Chronic Illnesses / Compromised Immunity |
|
Awareness of Hygiene & Risks Changing |
|
Changing Microorganisms: |
|
More Virulent Strains |
|
Adapting
to Stresses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Every year foodborne illnesses result in: |
|
|
|
76 million cases of foodborne illness. |
|
325,000 people hospitalized for foodborne
illness. |
|
5,200 needless deaths each year. |
|
Economic losses between 10-83 billion dollars. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strawberry industry lost an estimated $50
million in 1996 after mistakenly being indicated as the source of pathogens
in an outbreak. |
|
Odwalla shareholder value dropped almost 41%
($12.4 million) in six months after outbreak. |
|
Work against produce promotions campaigns. |
|
|
|
|
Food retailers interested in food safety &
addressing the issue because of consumers. |
|
Food retailers are requiring third party
inspection of farms that supply produce and certification of Good
Agricultural Practices. |
|
Growers/packers are having to absorb the costs
of these inspections. |
|
|
|
|
|
Low levels of sporadic contamination |
|
Low levels of infectious dose |
|
Severity of disease |
|
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) |
|
Life threatening |
|
Survival/growth under acidic conditions
especially E. coli O157:H7 |
|
|
|
|
Many studies indicate that once the fruit is
contaminated, the pathogens are difficult to remove. |
|
Prevent contamination. |
|
Control multiplication. |
|
|
|
|
The chances are low, but the consequences are
dire…..to both people and your business. |
|
It is possible to have been in business for 20
years and have never had a problem, but that does not insure no problems in
the future. |
|
Everyone’s
commitment is important. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increased recognition of the inefficiencies of a
patchwork of agencies that regulate food |
|
US Department of Agriculture (Meat &
Poultry) |
|
Food and Drug Administration (Inspection and
enforcement, review of additives) |
|
Environmental Protection Agency (water quality,
pesticides) |
|
Centers for Disease Control (disease
surveillance) |
|
U S Department of Commerce (seafood inspection) |
|
US Department of Treasury (alcoholic beverages) |
|
US Customs Service (import inspection) |
|
US Department of Justice (enforcement of laws) |
|
Federal Trade Commission (advertising) |
|
|
|
|
|
Thinking the unthinkable |
|
External and internal threats to product safety |
|
Proposals before Congress would give FDA new
powers to: |
|
inspect the records |
|
to trace the source and chain of distribution of
food, and |
|
to temporarily detain food if it is believed to
present a threat of serious adverse health consequences or death to humans
or animals |
|
New discussions to on combining government
agencies to make them more efficient |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Irrigation and Wash Water Sources |
|
Manure Source, Use, and Handling |
|
Farm and Equipment Sanitation |
|
Packinghouse Sanitation |
|
Employee Training and Hygiene |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Each segment of the food system has a role to
play in controlling food safety hazards |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes