PPT Slide

Ammonia

Inside: Normal conditions: 10-20 ppm

Poor ventilation: 50 -200 ppm

Reynolds & co-workers (1997): 1.27 - 2.59 ppm

Outside: Reynolds & co-workers (1997): mean: 0.251 ppm

NIOSH: TWA, 25 ppm; STEL, 35 ppm

OSHA: - STEL, 35 ppm

Odor threshold: 1-5 ppm.

Effect on humans:

6 to 20 ppm > Eye irritant, respiratory problems

100 ppm (1 hr) Irritation to mucous surfaces

5,000 ppm Respiratory spasms, rapid suffocation

10,000 ppm > Death