Foodborne Illness - Adding Fresh Fruits and Vegetables to the Equation
Microbial Foodborne Illness
Other Foodborne Illnesses
Foodborne Illness Data
Reported (passive) Surveillance
PPT Slide
Number of Produce-Associated Outbreaks by Decade, 1973 - 1997
Average Proportion of Illnesses Associated With Fresh Produce
Methodology has improved
US Per Capita Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Consumption: 1978-1998
Changes in Consumption Patterns
U.S. Populations with Probable Immune Deficiency
Which pathogens are found in produce?
Pathogens isolated from produce
FDA Survey of Imported Produce
FDA Survey of Domestic Produce
Mushrooms
Which pathogens cause illness?
US Fresh Produce Outbreak Examples
Fruit and Vegetable Bacterial Outbreaks 1988 - 1998
Enteric (Fecal) Pathogens
Mushroom-associated Outbreaks
Contamination of Produce
Contamination/Handling Errors
Microorganisms Can:
Growth of Pathogens in Produce
Growth/Survival of pathogens
Innovative Packaging
Toxin Production by C. botulinum
Preventing Contamination
Washing Produce Does Not Eliminate Pathogens
Log Reduction of Salmonella spp. On Intact Apples
Consumer Practices
Reasons For Washing Produce
Potentially Risky Behaviors
Summary
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